diff --git a/packages/playwright-core/src/server/bidi/bidiBrowser.ts b/packages/playwright-core/src/server/bidi/bidiBrowser.ts
index 9861fc80cf..acefc08fb2 100644
--- a/packages/playwright-core/src/server/bidi/bidiBrowser.ts
+++ b/packages/playwright-core/src/server/bidi/bidiBrowser.ts
@@ -211,6 +211,10 @@ export class BidiBrowserContext extends BrowserContext {
     return this._bidiPages().map(bidiPage => bidiPage._initializedPage).filter(Boolean) as Page[];
   }
 
+  pagesOrErrors() {
+    return this._bidiPages().map(bidiPage => bidiPage.pageOrError());
+  }
+
   async newPageDelegate(): Promise<PageDelegate> {
     assertBrowserContextIsNotOwned(this);
     const { context } = await this._browser._browserSession.send('browsingContext.create', {
diff --git a/packages/playwright-core/src/server/browserContext.ts b/packages/playwright-core/src/server/browserContext.ts
index 025bd0f388..309008989d 100644
--- a/packages/playwright-core/src/server/browserContext.ts
+++ b/packages/playwright-core/src/server/browserContext.ts
@@ -259,6 +259,7 @@ export abstract class BrowserContext extends SdkObject {
 
   // BrowserContext methods.
   abstract pages(): Page[];
+  abstract pagesOrErrors(): Promise<Page | Error>[];
   abstract newPageDelegate(): Promise<PageDelegate>;
   abstract addCookies(cookies: channels.SetNetworkCookie[]): Promise<void>;
   abstract setGeolocation(geolocation?: types.Geolocation): Promise<void>;
@@ -358,29 +359,30 @@ export abstract class BrowserContext extends SdkObject {
     this._timeoutSettings.setDefaultTimeout(timeout);
   }
 
-  async _loadDefaultContextAsIs(progress: Progress): Promise<Page[]> {
-    if (!this.pages().length) {
+  async _loadDefaultContextAsIs(progress: Progress): Promise<Page> {
+    if (!this.pagesOrErrors().length) {
       const waitForEvent = helper.waitForEvent(progress, this, BrowserContext.Events.Page);
       progress.cleanupWhenAborted(() => waitForEvent.dispose);
-      const page = (await waitForEvent.promise) as Page;
-      if (page._pageIsError)
-        throw page._pageIsError;
+      const page = await waitForEvent.promise as Page;
+      const pageOrError = await page._delegate.pageOrError();
+      if (pageOrError instanceof Error)
+        throw pageOrError;
     }
-    const pages = this.pages();
-    if (pages[0]._pageIsError)
-      throw pages[0]._pageIsError;
-    await pages[0].mainFrame()._waitForLoadState(progress, 'load');
-    return pages;
+    const pageOrError = await this.pagesOrErrors()[0];
+    if (pageOrError instanceof Error)
+      throw pageOrError;
+    await pageOrError.mainFrame()._waitForLoadState(progress, 'load');
+    return pageOrError;
   }
 
   async _loadDefaultContext(progress: Progress) {
-    const pages = await this._loadDefaultContextAsIs(progress);
+    const defaultPage = await this._loadDefaultContextAsIs(progress);
     const browserName = this._browser.options.name;
     if ((this._options.isMobile && browserName === 'chromium') || (this._options.locale && browserName === 'webkit')) {
       // Workaround for:
       // - chromium fails to change isMobile for existing page;
       // - webkit fails to change locale for existing page.
-      const oldPage = pages[0];
+      const oldPage = defaultPage;
       await this.newPage(progress.metadata);
       await oldPage.close(progress.metadata);
     }
diff --git a/packages/playwright-core/src/server/chromium/crBrowser.ts b/packages/playwright-core/src/server/chromium/crBrowser.ts
index a6d77e4ae7..1aba1ed8cb 100644
--- a/packages/playwright-core/src/server/chromium/crBrowser.ts
+++ b/packages/playwright-core/src/server/chromium/crBrowser.ts
@@ -368,6 +368,10 @@ export class CRBrowserContext extends BrowserContext {
     return this._crPages().map(crPage => crPage._initializedPage).filter(Boolean) as Page[];
   }
 
+  pagesOrErrors() {
+    return this._crPages().map(crPage => crPage.pageOrError());
+  }
+
   async newPageDelegate(): Promise<PageDelegate> {
     assertBrowserContextIsNotOwned(this);
 
diff --git a/packages/playwright-core/src/server/chromium/crPage.ts b/packages/playwright-core/src/server/chromium/crPage.ts
index bfad678f1c..11c609c8c2 100644
--- a/packages/playwright-core/src/server/chromium/crPage.ts
+++ b/packages/playwright-core/src/server/chromium/crPage.ts
@@ -432,6 +432,8 @@ class FrameSession {
       this._firstNonInitialNavigationCommittedFulfill = f;
       this._firstNonInitialNavigationCommittedReject = r;
     });
+    // We do not always await this promise.
+    this._firstNonInitialNavigationCommittedPromise.catch(() => {});
   }
 
   _isMainFrame(): boolean {
diff --git a/packages/playwright-core/src/server/firefox/ffBrowser.ts b/packages/playwright-core/src/server/firefox/ffBrowser.ts
index b26a2850ee..afc0671f70 100644
--- a/packages/playwright-core/src/server/firefox/ffBrowser.ts
+++ b/packages/playwright-core/src/server/firefox/ffBrowser.ts
@@ -271,6 +271,10 @@ export class FFBrowserContext extends BrowserContext {
     return this._ffPages().map(ffPage => ffPage._initializedPage).filter(pageOrNull => !!pageOrNull) as Page[];
   }
 
+  pagesOrErrors() {
+    return this._ffPages().map(ffPage => ffPage.pageOrError());
+  }
+
   async newPageDelegate(): Promise<PageDelegate> {
     assertBrowserContextIsNotOwned(this);
     const { targetId } = await this._browser.session.send('Browser.newPage', {
diff --git a/packages/playwright-core/src/server/page.ts b/packages/playwright-core/src/server/page.ts
index d626b1ed3c..48c0827c08 100644
--- a/packages/playwright-core/src/server/page.ts
+++ b/packages/playwright-core/src/server/page.ts
@@ -164,7 +164,6 @@ export class Page extends SdkObject {
   _clientRequestInterceptor: network.RouteHandler | undefined;
   _serverRequestInterceptor: network.RouteHandler | undefined;
   _ownedContext: BrowserContext | undefined;
-  _pageIsError: Error | undefined;
   _video: Artifact | null = null;
   _opener: Page | undefined;
   private _isServerSideOnly = false;
@@ -208,7 +207,7 @@ export class Page extends SdkObject {
       // context/browser closure. Just ignore the page.
       if (this._browserContext.isClosingOrClosed())
         return;
-      this._setIsError(error);
+      this._frameManager.createDummyMainFrameIfNeeded();
     }
     this._initialized = true;
     this.emitOnContext(contextEvent, this);
@@ -709,11 +708,6 @@ export class Page extends SdkObject {
       await this._ownedContext.close(options);
   }
 
-  private _setIsError(error: Error) {
-    this._pageIsError = error;
-    this._frameManager.createDummyMainFrameIfNeeded();
-  }
-
   isClosed(): boolean {
     return this._closedState === 'closed';
   }
diff --git a/packages/playwright-core/src/server/webkit/wkBrowser.ts b/packages/playwright-core/src/server/webkit/wkBrowser.ts
index f4f9f732a5..4e5467fd17 100644
--- a/packages/playwright-core/src/server/webkit/wkBrowser.ts
+++ b/packages/playwright-core/src/server/webkit/wkBrowser.ts
@@ -243,6 +243,10 @@ export class WKBrowserContext extends BrowserContext {
     return this._wkPages().map(wkPage => wkPage._initializedPage).filter(pageOrNull => !!pageOrNull) as Page[];
   }
 
+  pagesOrErrors() {
+    return this._wkPages().map(wkPage => wkPage.pageOrError());
+  }
+
   async newPageDelegate(): Promise<PageDelegate> {
     assertBrowserContextIsNotOwned(this);
     const { pageProxyId } = await this._browser._browserSession.send('Playwright.createPage', { browserContextId: this._browserContextId });