diff --git a/packages/playwright-core/src/server/injected/injectedScript.ts b/packages/playwright-core/src/server/injected/injectedScript.ts
index fe757d123e..7b6eba3d9e 100644
--- a/packages/playwright-core/src/server/injected/injectedScript.ts
+++ b/packages/playwright-core/src/server/injected/injectedScript.ts
@@ -1099,7 +1099,10 @@ export class InjectedScript {
       // Single text value.
       let received: string | undefined;
       if (expression === 'to.have.attribute') {
-        received = element.getAttribute(options.expressionArg) || '';
+        const value = element.getAttribute(options.expressionArg);
+        if (value === null)
+          return { received: null, matches: false };
+        received = value;
       } else if (expression === 'to.have.class') {
         received = element.classList.toString();
       } else if (expression === 'to.have.css') {
diff --git a/tests/page/expect-misc.spec.ts b/tests/page/expect-misc.spec.ts
index 3b48c0d49e..87f900295f 100644
--- a/tests/page/expect-misc.spec.ts
+++ b/tests/page/expect-misc.spec.ts
@@ -232,6 +232,36 @@ test.describe('toHaveAttribute', () => {
     const locator = page.locator('#node');
     await expect(locator).toHaveAttribute('id', 'node');
   });
+
+  test('should not match missing attribute', async ({ page }) => {
+    await page.setContent('<div checked id=node>Text content</div>');
+    const locator = page.locator('#node');
+    {
+      const error = await expect(locator).toHaveAttribute('disabled', '', { timeout: 1000 }).catch(e => e);
+      expect(error.message).toContain('expect.toHaveAttribute with timeout 1000ms');
+    }
+    {
+      const error = await expect(locator).toHaveAttribute('disabled', /.*/, { timeout: 1000 }).catch(e => e);
+      expect(error.message).toContain('expect.toHaveAttribute with timeout 1000ms');
+    }
+    await expect(locator).not.toHaveAttribute('disabled', '');
+    await expect(locator).not.toHaveAttribute('disabled', /.*/);
+  });
+
+  test('should match boolean attribute', async ({ page }) => {
+    await page.setContent('<div checked id=node>Text content</div>');
+    const locator = page.locator('#node');
+    await expect(locator).toHaveAttribute('checked', '');
+    await expect(locator).toHaveAttribute('checked', /.*/);
+    {
+      const error = await expect(locator).not.toHaveAttribute('checked', '', { timeout: 1000 }).catch(e => e);
+      expect(error.message).toContain('expect.toHaveAttribute with timeout 1000ms');
+    }
+    {
+      const error = await expect(locator).not.toHaveAttribute('checked', /.*/, { timeout: 1000 }).catch(e => e);
+      expect(error.message).toContain('expect.toHaveAttribute with timeout 1000ms');
+    }
+  });
 });
 
 test.describe('toHaveCSS', () => {